Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers among men, and finding it early can provide more options for treatment. One exam healthcare professionals use to help screen for prostate cancer is the PSA blood test.
PSA stands for prostate-specific antigen, a protein produced by the prostate. A PSA test is a simple blood test that measures the amount of PSA in your blood. Note that an elevated PSA level does not necessarily mean you have prostate cancer. PSA can also increase because of an enlarged prostate, inflammation, infection and other factors. If your PSA is elevated, your healthcare provider can help determine whether additional testing is appropriate.
Who Should Consider a PSA Test?
There isn’t a single screening recommendation that’s right for every male. The decision to have a PSA test should be made after discussing your age, overall health and personal risk factors with your healthcare provider. This is why annual check-ups with your primary care provider are critical.
Men should talk with their provider about when prostate cancer screening may be appropriate for them. Those with a family history of prostate cancer or other factors that put them at higher risk may be advised to begin the conversation earlier.
Know the Warning Signs
Early prostate cancer often causes no symptoms, which is one reason conversations about screening are important. When symptoms do occur, they can include:
- Difficulty starting urination or a weak or interrupted urine stream
- Urinating more frequently, particularly at night
- Pain or burning during urination
- Blood in the urine or semen
- Persistent pain in the back, hips or pelvis
- Painful ejaculation
These symptoms don’t necessarily mean you have prostate cancer. Several other conditions can cause similar problems.
However, don’t ignore a change in your health. If you develop urinary symptoms, see blood in your urine or semen, or experience other persistent symptoms, contact your healthcare provider. They can evaluate what’s causing the symptoms and determine whether a PSA test or additional testing is needed.
A simple conversation with your healthcare provider is a good place to start.